Ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kukhinyabeza amaphrojekthi kagesi eZim
NJENGOBA ukuqwashisa ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuba ngcono, ingqungquthela yesimo sezulu ye-Glasgow COP26 United Nations isheshise ukuqhela ekusebenziseni amalahle njengomthombo wamandla okusolwa kabanzi ngokukhipha ikhabhoni.
Abaholi bomhlaba, okuhlanganisa noMengameli waseZimbabwe u-Emmerson Mnangagwa, bahlangane enhlokodolobha yaseScotland kuleli sonto emhlanganweni we-UN. Amazwe aseningizimu yembulunga yonke njengamanje abamba iqhaza kwamazwe anezimboni osekungamashumi eminyaka ethembele kuphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi ukuze anike amandla iziteshi zawo ezishisayo, phakathi kokunye ukusetshenziswa.
IZimbabwe ingenye yamalahle amakhulu kunawo wonke ezwenikazi lase-Afrika futhi ingase izithole isisesimweni se-Catch-22 esikhathini esizayo njengoba izimakethe zemithombo yendabuko zishintshela emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo afana namanzi nomoya.
Izwe elithuthuke kakhulu kwezezimboni e-Afrika, iNingizimu Afrika, lithole isibhamu lapho lithola izibopho zokukhokha i-US$8.5 billion eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo ezivela eBrithani, France, Germany, United States of America kanye ne-European Union zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokuthuthukisa okusha. amaphrojekthi wamandla avuselelekayo.
IZimbabwe ithembele kakhulu emalahleni ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi, kanti iziteshi zayo ezine kweziyisihlanu ezigunyazwe yi-thermal power. Izwe lingase lizithole lisesimeni esihle lapho ukuvinjelwa kwamalahle kuqala ukusebenza. Abaholi bomhlaba bazibophezele ekususeni amalahle engqungqutheleni yesimo sezulu yase-Glasgow, nabasayine bazibophezele ekuqedeni konke ukutshalwa kwezimali ekuphehleni ugesi wamalahle omusha kuleli nasemazweni angaphandle.
Baphinde bavuma ukuqeda amandla kagesi ngeminyaka yawo-2030 kwezomnotho ezinkulu, kanye nama-2040 emazweni ampofu. Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi iZimbabwe iphethe amathani ayizigidi ezingama-553 zamalahle aqinisekisiwe, ikleliswe endaweni yama-38 emhlabeni jikelele.
IZimbabwe ayinawo amandla okusuka eziteshini zikagesi eziphehlwa ngamalahle iye kwezinye izindawo zokuphehla amandla kagesi, okusho ukuthi izwe liyabhubha kulandela isimemezelo sikaMengameli waseChina uXi Jinping sokuqeda ukutshala izimali ezimbonini zikagesi ezishisayo.
Iziphathamandla zenkampani kagetsi eZimbabwe iZesa Holdings Limited kanye lababumba imithetho bakhathazeke kakhulu ngekusasa lemisebenzi kagetsi ophehlwa ngamalahle elizweni kulandela inyathelo leChina lakamuva lokumisa uxhaso lwamaphrojekthi angaphandle kwemingcele yawo ukuze kuncitshiswe intuthu yokukhitshwa kwekhabhoni ukuze kuncitshiswe ukufudumala komhlaba kanye. ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Umgcinisihlalo weZesa uSydney Gata usanda kutshela intathelizindaba ezivakatshele eHwange Power Station ukuthi isinqumo seChina sesithinte ngokuphazima kweso imisebenzi emibili emikhulu eZimbabwe.
“Kumele kuphawulwe ukuthi umnotho wamazwe afana neBotswana, iNingizimu Afrika kanye neZimbabwe wakhiwe ngamafutha emvelo njengomthombo wamandla,” kusho uGata.
“Umnotho weZimbabwe usubhekwe njengomnotho okhula ngokushesha e-Afrika yi-IMF kanye neWorld Bank. Lokhu kukhula kwakusekelwe emnothweni wamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Ngakho-ke izinqumo zokunciphisa uxhaso lwamandla kaphethiloli zizoshiya igebe elikhulu ekuzinzeni kwezomnotho nezenhlalo zamazwe eSadc. Abazibekele imigomo ye-United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ngeke baphumelele, njengoba wonke ama-SDGs encike ekuhlinzekweni kukagesi otholakalayo, ofinyelelekayo futhi ongambi eqolo.” UMongameli waseShayina u-Xi Jinping usanda kusho ku-UN General Assembly ukuthi i-China – umxhasi omkhulu wezimali womphakathi emhlabeni wonke – “ngeke yakhe amaphrojekthi amasha kagesi ngamalahle phesheya”.
Amabhange aseShayina asevele eqalile ukusebenza. Ezinsukwini ezintathu ngemva kwenkulumo ka-Xi, iBhange LaseChina lamemezela ukuthi angeke lisahlinzeka ngezimali kumaphrojekthi amasha okumbiwa kwamalahle namandla kagesi ngaphandle kwezwe kusukela engxenyeni yokugcina yalo nyaka. Isitatimende sikaXi kulindeleke ukuthi sithinte okungenani amagigawathi angama-54 – okubandakanya izinhlelo zaseZimbabwe – zezimboni zamalahle ezihlongozwayo ezisekelwa yiChina ezingakakhiwa.
Ukuvala lokhu kuzokonga ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide okulingana nezinyanga ezintathu zokukhishwa komhlaba wonke. Ngaphambi kokuthatha inyathelo leChina, iZimbabwe ibiqala umkhankaso wokuphehla amandla kagetsi ngamalahle ukuze ikhiqize amagigawathi ayisitshiyagalombili, okuzakwakhiwa njalo kuxhaswe ngemali ngamankampani eChina. Ngonyaka odlule ngoJulayi,
UMongameli Mnangagwa uvakatshele amankampani ayisitshiyagalombili akha imigodi yamalahle emitsha, izizinda zamalahle kanye lokuphehla amandla kagetsi eHwange, indawo egcwele amalahle esabelweni seMatabeleland North. Kulolu hambo, inkampani yakuleli iWestern Areas imemezele izinhlelo zokwakha izizinda zamalahle ezimbili ezingu-300MW, kanti iZimbabwe Gas and Coal yathi izokwakha imboni engu-750MW.
Izinkampani zaseShayina nazo zazenza amaphrojekthi amalahle. Ukwenza isibonelo, iZimbabwe Zhongxin Electrical Energy, okuyibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe neZimbabwe Defence Forces, yakha indawo yokuphehla ugesi engu-50MW ngezinhlelo zokuyikhulisa ibe ngu-430MW. U-Dinson Colliery, inkampani engaphansi kwezimayini zamalahle yomenzi wensimbi i-Tsingshan Holding Group, ubesebenza embonini yokupheka ama-US$300 wezigidi.
IJinan Corporation ibihlela imboni engu-600MW. Eminye imiklamo emikhulu yamalahle ibisendleleni, ikakhulukazi isikhungo sikagesi esishisayo esibiza amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu zamaRandi angu-2 800MW eGokwe iRioZim Energy eyayakha ngobunjiniyela noxhaso lwezimali oluvela eChina Gezhouba Group Company, kanye nesizinda sikagesi esihlongozwayo se-PER Lusulu Power sika-2 100MW enyakatho- isifunda esisentshonalanga yeBinga.
