Izijeziso, inkohlakalo eZimbabwe kuxhumene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa

Mhla zingama-25 kuMfumfu njengoba iZimbabwe kanye leSouthern African Development Community (Sadc) bahlangene ekuceleni amazwe angentshonalanga ukuthi esule izijeziso zenotho zeminyaka elitshumi ezimbili ezafakelwa iZimbabwe. Kusinika ithuba lokubheka emuva, sihlole futhi siveze lokhu esikubiza ngokuthi unswinyo nokuthi yenze kanjani inkohlakalo igxile eZimbabwe.

Umsunguli weZimbabwe, uRobert Gabriel Mugabe (Sengathi umoya wakhe ungalala ngokuthula) njalo umile kwelokuthi izijeziso azizange zifakwe eZimbabwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulandelwa kwamalungelo abantu. Empeleni ayeyithuluzi elisetshenziswa amazwe aseNtshonalanga ukuze asongele amazwe amancane asongela izithakazelo zawo. Odabeni lweZimbabwe, uhlelo lokubuyiswa komhlaba kanye lomgomo we indigenization. 

Izijeziso zaseNtshonalanga eZimbabwe

Ingabe unswinyo luyasebenza? Yebo. Babambe iqhaza elikhulu ekuphungeni isizalwane seZimbabwe esingahlangene nalabo abaphethe izikhungo zombuso futhi abakwazi ukufinyelela esitimeleni. Ingabe bahlosiwe?

 Yebo zikhona. Zimbabwe, kasikhulumeni iqiniso sikhulume njengoba linjalo. Nxa sifuna ukuhlolisisa indlela yokuphila yalabobantu abakuluhlu lwezijeziso ezikhangelelwe ukuthi siqhubeke senze olunye ukucubungula amankampani eZimbabwe akuloluhlu kanye lamabhanga, okutholakele kuzabe kusitsho. Abantu abaqhuba lezi zikhungo ngabanye babantu beZimbabwe abanothile nabakhululekile abakwazi ukundiza ngezindiza beya kweleSouth Africa, emazweni e-Asia bathole ukwelashwa okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ezingqondweni zabo, akukho hlazo kukho. Abazange babeke iZimbabwe ngaphansi kwezijeziso, pho kungani kumele bahlupheke?

Yamila kanjani inkohlakalo eZimbabwe

Kungani inkohlakalo igxile eZimbabwe? Kungani ifakwe kuzo zonke izikhungo zombuso, kuhlanganise neHhovisi likaMongameli kanye neKhabhinethi. Ukutshengisa umthelela walezi zijeziso, isizalwane seZimbabwe esizama ukuthenga okuthile ngemali yakwamanye amazwe ukuze sithengisele iZimbabwe sizavele sidlulele phambili kungakenzeki lokho. Ukukhokha imali yesikole emanyuvesi aphesheya nakho kungaba umsebenzi onzima kumuntu ojwayelekile waseZimbabwe. 

Iqiniso yikuthi noma iyiphi inkampani ethenga, ethengisa noma ehweba namafemu aseZimbabwe kanye nabantu abasohlwini lwezijeziso ibhekiswe futhi ifakwe ohlwini lwamazwe aseMelika, i-United Kingdom kanye ne-European Union.

Osekwenzekile ukuthi uhulumeni usungule izindlela zokundiza ngaphansi kwe-radar futhi athole amazwe anobungane azimisele ukubeka engcupheni yokufakwa ohlwini lwabavinjelwe, azimisele ukuhlinzeka ngemishini, isibonelo. Amabhange esaba ukufakwa ohlwini lwabavinjelwe. Ngakho-ke, amaminerali ayashushumbiswa futhi athengiswa emakethe efanayo. Imali ihanjiswa kusetshenziswa i-BIGWHITE kanye namasistimu asungulwa lapho iRhodesia ifunda ukuqeda unswinyo ngesikhathi sika-Ian Smith Unilateral Declaration of Independence.

I-RBZ ingumqoka wenkohlakalo

Ibhanga elikhulu lelizwe eleReserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) liqale ukusebenza ngokungekho emthethweni ngenxa yokwephulwa kwezijeziso. Ishushumbise futhi iyaqhubeka nokushushumbisa igolide namadayimane ikuyise emakethe efanayo ukuze iqede unswinyo. I-RBZ ithenga ngqo kumakorokoza (abavukuzi abancane) bese iphambukisela emakethe efanayo. Kungokufanayo nangezivumelwano zemali yakwamanye amazwe okwenziwa ngamakhosi akwazi ukungena ngqo ebhange elikhulu, ipresidium nezihlobo eziseduze.

Kwasungulwa uhlelo lapho izikhungo ezingenisa imali zizogcina amaphesenti athile njalo ngenyanga ukuze ziqhubeke nokusebenza kwazo. Lezi zimali ezigciniwe zasetshenziswa budedengu, njengoba kufakazelwa yimibiko eminingi ethinta iZimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP), iJudicial Service Commission (JSC), iZimbabwe National Road Administration, iZimbabwe Electricity Supply Holdings, iZimbabwe Revenue Authority kanye neRBZ. AbeZRP sebeyekile ukufaka imali yenhlawulo kuJSC, sebezakhele olwabo uhlelo lokuthatha amatikiti. Ezinye izimali zazilethwa kubantu abasezingeni eliphezulu ngamabhokisi. Ekugcineni, kwase kudaliwe isistimu evumela izintuba, izindawo ezimpunga ekulandeleni unswinyo. Amasistimu amathenda aphendukele phansi ukuze alwe nezijeziso. Izigebengu ezixhumene nalabo abaphethe zangena kuleli gebe. 

Ukukhetha kukaHobson

“Ungaba nehhashi elimhlophe noma ihhashi elimhlophe … ukukhetha kukaHobson lokho!” Okusho ukuthi awunakuzikhethela nhlobo. Okuwukuphela kwenketho onayo yileyo onikezwa yona. Inqobo nje uma unswinyo lusekhona, le nkohlakalo ehleliwe ngeke isuswe. Ukufuna ukuthi izijeziso zihlale eZimbabwe kufana lokucela ukuthi inkohlakalo iqhubeke. Ukukhetha kukaHobson, kuwububi obudingekayo. 

Abanye baye basikisela ukuboshwa. Kodwa bangabopha bodwa, bazi ukuthi babekwenza ndawonye, ​​bazi ukuthi kungani bekwenze lokho, kungani kufanele baqhubeke bekwenza ukuze bazungeze unswinyo? Ibutho laseDemocratic Republic of Congo alikwazanga ukupha amasosha alo ngenxa yezijeziso. Kwangena u-John Bredenkamp, ​​u-Nick Van Hoogstraten, bonke abakwa-Rhodies nencwadi yemithetho yokuthi ungasiqeda kanjani unswinyo.

“Asikusize ukondle ibutho; siyayazi indlela yokuqeda unswinyo.” Imali yafakwa kuma-akhawunti asebhange eBritish Isles. Labo abathunyelwe ukwenza lokhu egameni likahulumeni baqala ukuzifaka ephaketheni. Manje sebecebile. Bangamaqoqo amasha.

Inselelo kaMnangagwa

Inselelo kaMnangagwa izoba wukukhombisa ngeqiniso intando yezepolitiki edingekayo ukuze kuqedwe inkohlakalo ekhona. Intando yezombangazwe yokubuyisela izikhungo zombuso ezibalulekile emisebenzini yazo yokuqala yomthethosisekelo ngaphandle kokuzicekela phansi.

Ubenza kanjani ngomusa abalingani ababalulekile, izihlobo namaqabane abhebhezela inkohlakalo nokuthunjwa kombuso? Uma ebengase akhiphe amaqanda abolile, uwashintsha afake bani futhi ngaluphi usuku? U-2023 useduze.

Ingabe lokhu kuzoba ukuhlakanipha okuhlakaniphile? Ingozi ukuthi amaqanda abolile azohlangana amsuse. Izikhulu ezehliselwe “Shake Shake Building” (ikomkhulu leZanu PF) aziphumuli. Akukho abangakwenza. 

Ukubhekana nenkohlakalo

Masithembeke kithi ngokwethu. Ikhomishini yeZimbabwe Anti-Corruption Commission kanye lomtshutshisi omkhulu uMnu Kumbirai Hodzi abasoze basinika indlela yokubhekana lenkohlakalo. Sidinga inqubomgomo mayelana nokushushiswa kobugebengu ukuze sinqande ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile komthetho wokulwa nenkohlakalo. Hlobo luni lwenqubomgomo? Sisebenzisa izikhathi ezimisiwe: 2000 kuya ku-2005; 2006 kuya ku-2010; 2011 kuya ku-2017; 2018 kuya phambili.

Noma mhlawumbe singasebenzisa inani lemali elilinganiselwe lokubandlulula umkhokhintela: US$100 000 nangaphansi; US$500 000 nangaphansi; $1 million nangaphansi; US$5 wezigidi; US$10 million nokunye. Ake siqale ngalabo abathole impahla ngenkohlakalo ngemuva kweNkathi entsha bese siyehla siye phansi, noma okuphambene nalokho. Noma singasebenzisa indlela yesithathu. Indlela yokubuyisana evumayo ukuthi lesi sihlava siqhamuke ngokuzama ukuqedwa konswinyo. Le ndlela yokufundisa iyavuma ukuthi izikhungo zikahulumeni eziningi zenziwa izinqubo ezingekho emthethweni ukuze ziqede unswinyo.

Okuyinto empeleni eyiqiniso ngokuthi ivuma ukuthi abantu abaningi babambe iqhaza ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ezenzweni zenkohlakalo. Noma sibatshela ukuthi bavele banikeze izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zempahla etholwe ngenkohlakalo noma imali ngesikhathi esimisiwe futhi bathole ukuvikeleka ekushushisweni.

UMnangagwa uzame lokhu ngohlu lwakhe “lwegama nehlazo”. Wehluleka. Wazama ukuthola abasebenzi bakahulumeni ukuthi baveze izintshisekelo zabo kwezamabhizinisi. Wehluleka. Ngakho, mhlawumbe ushwele? Ukuvikeleka ekushushisweni? Isanqante kanye nenduku. Uma zingekho izinkomo ezingcwele, okumele i-Zacc ikwenze wukubheka ukusuka kweyokuqala ukuya phansi ukuthi yimaphi amafa noma amabhalansi asebhange wonke umuntu anayo. Bese ubanikeza imiyalelo yeNkantolo Ephakeme ukubachazela ukuthi bayizuza kanjani leyo ngcebo futhi, uma behluleka, balahlekelwa yimpahla.

Izinguquko kwezombusazwe nezokhetho

Mayelana nezinguquko zezepolitiki nezokhetho, iqiniso elibuhlungu wukuthi iqembu elineningi ePhalamende lizophusha lezo zinguquko ezihlomulisa izinqubomgomo futhi zeseke uhulumeni walo. Lokho kuyintando yeningi, ubushiqela beningi. Amaqembu aphikisayo kufanele asamukele isiphakamiso sokuqokwa ngokusemthethweni, kwamukelwe futhi aholelwe ngendlela efanelekile ePhalamende, ngendlela yase-Westminster. Ngaleyo ndlela, bangakwazi ukubamba uhulumeni ngempumelelo futhi ahlole ukweqisa kwakhe. I-Sadc, i-African Union, iZimbabwe Election Support Network, izinhlaka zasekhaya nezezifunda zagunyaza ukhetho luka-2018. Ngeke kube khona uhulumeni owaba amandla, akukho ziphathimandla zesikhashana, ngeke kube nokungena etafuleni. 2018 akuwona 2008. Asiqhubeke.

Amaqembu aphikisayo kufanele agxile endimeni yawo ePhalamende futhi aphoqelele ukushesha kwezinguquko. Kufanele babe nomthelela ku-ajenda yomthetho ukuze babangele inkulumo-mpikiswano ngezinguquko ezidingekayo.
Uhulumeni Wobumbano Lwesizwe akazange abe ne-ajenda eqinile yokuguqulwa komthetho wokhetho. Yayiyini injongo yawo? Yayisebenzela izithakazelo zikabani? Impela akuzona izithakazelo zabeZimbabwe abavamile.

Indlela eya phambili

IZimbabwe ibuswa ngokwentando yeningi. Ukuqinisa izikhungo ezisungulwe wumthethosisekelo kuzoqinisa intando yethu yeningi. Kanjani? Ukuziphendulela. Sizibophezela kanjani izikhungo? EPhalamende nokukhuluma ngazwi linye.

Njengezizalwane zeZimbabwe, kumele sihlukane lokucabanga ukuthi iEurope, America leBhilithane ngabasindisi bethu. Kumele siyeke ukukhipha izixazululo zezinkinga zethu kubantu bangaphandle. Kasitsheleni iqiniso njengabeZimbabwe, sizakhele iZimbabwe. Izizukulwane zethu ezizayo. Izijeziso zithinta wonke umuntu. Impela, unswinyo kumele luhambe – kodwa kufanele kuhambe inkohlakalo, ukusekela kanye nokucwasana.

*Mayelana nombhali: ULloyd Msipa ungummeli waseZimbabwe ozinze e-UK nosopolitiki. Ungumsekeli kamongameli webandla lePeople’s Party elabunjwa ngoLwezi 2019. UMsipa laye uzalwa ngumnumnzana Cephas Msipa ongasekho kuZanu PF.